Google BigQuery Vector Search
Google Cloud BigQuery Vector Search lets you use GoogleSQL to do semantic search, using vector indexes for fast approximate results, or using brute force for exact results.
This tutorial illustrates how to work with an end-to-end data and embedding management system in LangChain, and provide scalable semantic search in BigQuery.
Getting started
Install the library
%pip install --upgrade --quiet langchain langchain-google-vertexai google-cloud-bigquery
Colab only: Uncomment the following cell to restart the kernel or use the button to restart the kernel. For Vertex AI Workbench you can restart the terminal using the button on top.
# # Automatically restart kernel after installs so that your environment can access the new packages
# import IPython
# app = IPython.Application.instance()
# app.kernel.do_shutdown(True)
Before you begin
Set your project ID
If you don't know your project ID, try the following:
- Run
gcloud config list
. - Run
gcloud projects list
. - See the support page: Locate the project ID.
# @title Project { display-mode: "form" }
PROJECT_ID = "" # @param {type:"string"}
# Set the project id
! gcloud config set project {PROJECT_ID}
Set the region
You can also change the REGION
variable used by BigQuery. Learn more about BigQuery regions.
# @title Region { display-mode: "form" }
REGION = "US" # @param {type: "string"}
Set the dataset and table names
They will be your BigQuery Vector Store.
# @title Dataset and Table { display-mode: "form" }
DATASET = "my_langchain_dataset" # @param {type: "string"}
TABLE = "doc_and_vectors" # @param {type: "string"}
Authenticating your notebook environment
- If you are using Colab to run this notebook, uncomment the cell below and continue.
- If you are using Vertex AI Workbench, check out the setup instructions here.
from google.colab import auth as google_auth
google_auth.authenticate_user()
Demo: BigQueryVectorSearch
Create an embedding class instance
You may need to enable Vertex AI API in your project by running
gcloud services enable aiplatform.googleapis.com --project {PROJECT_ID}
(replace {PROJECT_ID}
with the name of your project).
You can use any LangChain embeddings model.
from langchain_google_vertexai import VertexAIEmbeddings
embedding = VertexAIEmbeddings(
model_name="textembedding-gecko@latest", project=PROJECT_ID
)
Create BigQuery Dataset
Optional step to create the dataset if it doesn't exist.
from google.cloud import bigquery
client = bigquery.Client(project=PROJECT_ID, location=REGION)
client.create_dataset(dataset=DATASET, exists_ok=True)
Initialize BigQueryVectorSearch Vector Store with an existing BigQuery dataset
from langchain.vectorstores.utils import DistanceStrategy
from langchain_community.vectorstores import BigQueryVectorSearch
store = BigQueryVectorSearch(
project_id=PROJECT_ID,
dataset_name=DATASET,
table_name=TABLE,
location=REGION,
embedding=embedding,
distance_strategy=DistanceStrategy.EUCLIDEAN_DISTANCE,
)
API Reference:
Add texts
all_texts = ["Apples and oranges", "Cars and airplanes", "Pineapple", "Train", "Banana"]
metadatas = [{"len": len(t)} for t in all_texts]
store.add_texts(all_texts, metadatas=metadatas)
Search for documents
query = "I'd like a fruit."
docs = store.similarity_search(query)
print(docs)
Search for documents by vector
query_vector = embedding.embed_query(query)
docs = store.similarity_search_by_vector(query_vector, k=2)
print(docs)
Search for documents with metadata filter
# This should only return "Banana" document.
docs = store.similarity_search_by_vector(query_vector, filter={"len": 6})
print(docs)
Explore job satistics with BigQuery Job Id
job_id = "" # @param {type:"string"}
# Debug and explore the job statistics with a BigQuery Job id.
store.explore_job_stats(job_id)